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The dog (Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated descendant of the wolf. Also called the domestic dog, it is derived from the extinct Pleistocene wolf; the gray wolf is the dog's closest living relative. The dog was the first species to be domesticated by humans. Experts estimate that hunter-gatherers domesticated dogs more than 15,000 years ago, which was before the development of agriculture. Due to their long association with humans, dogs have expanded to a large number of domestic individuals and gained the ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canids.

The dog has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Dog breeds vary widely in shape, size, and color. They perform many roles for humans, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and the military, companionship, therapy, and aiding disabled people. Over the millennia, dogs became uniquely adapted to human behavior, and the human–canine bond has been a topic of frequent study. This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet of "man's best friend". (Full article...)

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The Pomeranian (also known as a Pom, Pommy or Pome) is a breed of dog of the Spitz type that is named for the Pomerania region in north-west Poland and north-east Germany in Central Europe. Classed as a toy dog breed because of its small size, the Pomeranian is descended from larger Spitz-type dogs, specifically the German Spitz.

The breed has been made popular by a number of royal owners since the 18th century. Queen Victoria owned a particularly small Pomeranian, and consequently, the smaller variety became universally popular. During Queen Victoria's lifetime alone, the size of the breed decreased by half. As of 2017, in terms of registration figures, since at least 1998, the breed has ranked among the top fifty most popular breeds in the United States, and the current fashion for small dogs has increased their popularity worldwide. (Full article...)

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Credit: Robert Southworth
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The American Eskimo Dog is a breed of companion dog originating in the United States (probably in New York City) in the twentieth century. It is derived from the German Spitz, the Finnish Spitz, and almost certainly the Pomeranian and Keeshond. The spitz family of Nordic dogs is one of the least altered by human husbandry and reflects most nearly the prototypical dog, from which stock all others have been derived. Archeology suggests that Neolithic dogs living with humans would today pass for spitzes.

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The title Best in Show is awarded to the dog chosen as winner of the annual Crufts dog show, according to conformation show rules. This title was first awarded in 1928, the initial winner being Primley Sceptre, a fawn Greyhound. Previously, Crufts had used the title "Best Champion", sponsored by the Illustrated Kennel News, which was awarded from 1905 to 1914. The first winner of Best Champion was Ch. The Sable Mite, a Pomeranian. According to Crufts: The Official History the first winner of that award was the first dog to be considered the "best" at a Crufts show, although it only lists winners between 1906 and 1912.

When Best Champion was introduced at Crufts in 1905, it was seen by Charles Cruft as an extension of the other titles already available at the show. The class was one of several classes reserved for Crufts subscribers at the cost of a guinea per year. Because of the restriction in entry, there were years when the winner of Best Champion was defeated in other classes which were not restricted to subscribers. Crufts was not the first dog show in the UK to introduce this type of title, the first event to do so was at the Cambridge Canine Society Show in 1900. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various dog-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Chihuahua puppy (from Puppy)
Image 2Watercolor tracing made by archaeologist Henri Breuil from a cave painting of a wolf-like canid, Font-de-Gaume, France, dated 19,000 years ago (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 3Montage showing the coat variation of dogs. (from Dog anatomy)
Image 4Montage showing the morphological variation of the dog. (from Dog breed)
Image 5An extinct Turnspit dog, 1800 (from Dog type)
Image 6Example of a dog making prolonged eye contact with a human (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 7Scent-rolling (from Dog behavior)
Image 8The nose of a dog (from Dog anatomy)
Image 9Australian Cattle Dog puppy (from Puppy)
Image 10Diagram of a wolf skull with key features labelled (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 11The dog diverged from a now-extinct population of wolves 27,000–40,000 years ago immediately before the Last Glacial Maximum, when much of the mammoth steppe was cold and dry. (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 12Cave wolf skull, Natural History Museum, Berlin (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 13Skeleton of a dog:
1. Cranium
2. Maxilla
3. Mandible
4. Atlas
5. Axis
6. Scapula
7. Spine of scapula
8. Humerus
9. Radius
10. Ulna
11. Phalanges
12. Metacarpal bones
13. Carpal bones
14. Sternum
15. Cartilaginous part of the rib
16. Ribs
17. Phalanges
18. Metatarsal bones
19. Tarsal Bones
20. Calcaneus
21. Fibula
22. Tibia
23. Patella
24. Femur
25. Ischium
26. Pelvis
(from Dog anatomy)
Image 14A drawing by Konrad Lorenz showing facial expressions of a dog - a communication behavior. X-axis is aggression, y-axis is fear. (from Dog behavior)
Image 15Puggle puppy (from Puppy)
Image 16Basenji puppy (from Puppy)
Image 17Lateral view of a dog skull, jaw closed (from Dog anatomy)
Image 18Tesem, an ancient Egyptian sight-hound (from Dog breed)
Image 19A labradoodle puppy and a Golden Retriever puppy playing together. (from Puppy)
Image 20St. Bernard puppy (from Puppy)
Image 21Jack Russell Terrier puppy (from Puppy)
Image 22Frontal view of a dog skull (from Dog anatomy)
Image 23Dog knee (from Dog anatomy)
Image 24Sled dog types, sketched in 1833 (from Dog breed)
Image 25Cart dogs, c. 1900; different in appearance but doing the same work (from Dog type)
Image 26German Spitz puppy (from Puppy)
Image 27A little mongrel puppy on the shore, on Halong Bay (from Puppy)
Image 28Mammoth bone dwelling, Mezhirich site, Ukraine (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 29The Greenland dog carries 3.5% genetic material inherited from a 35,000-year-old wolf from the Taymyr Peninsula, Arctic Siberia. (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 30A dog's whiskers (from Dog anatomy)
Image 31Newborn Basenji puppies (from Puppy)
Image 32Lateral view of a dog skeleton (from Dog anatomy)
Image 33Bison surrounded by grey wolf pack (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 34The difference in overall body size between a Cane Corso (Italian mastiff) and a Yorkshire terrier is over 30-fold, yet both are members of the same species. (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 35Mandible of the oldest recognised dog discovered in Bonn-Oberkassel, Germany, and dated 14,200 years old (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 36Two Shih Tzu puppies (from Puppy)
Image 37President Lyndon B. Johnson with a basket of puppies in 1966 (from Puppy)
Image 38Basset Hound (from Puppy)
Image 39An 1897 illustration showing a range of European dog breeds (from Dog breed)
Image 40A mongrel puppy (from Puppy)
Image 41The dog's retina shows the optic disc and the eye's vasculature. (from Dog anatomy)
Image 42Sled dogs, 1833 (from Dog type)
Image 43Lateral view of a dog skull, jaw opened (from Dog anatomy)
Image 44Cavapoo puppy (from Puppy)
Image 45Petroglyph depicting two dogs hunting – Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 46Golden Retriever puppy (from Puppy)
Image 47"Five different types of dogs", c. 1547. (from Dog breed)
Image 48Schematic anatomy of the ear. In dogs, the ear canal has a "L" shape, with the vertical canal (first half) and the horizontal canal (deeper half, ending with the eardrum) (from Dog anatomy)
Image 49A wolf mandible diagram showing the names and positions of the teeth (from Dog anatomy)
Image 50NASA astronaut Leland D. Melvin with his dogs Jake and Scout (from Dog behavior)
Image 51Reduction in size under selective breeding – grey wolf and chihuahua skulls (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 52Sled dog types, sketched in 1833 (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 53A dog's teeth (from Dog anatomy)
Image 54Chihuahua mix and purebred Great Dane (from Dog breed)
Image 55External anatomy (topography) of a typical dog: 1. Head 2. Muzzle 3. Dewlap (throat, neck skin) 4. Shoulder 5. Elbow 6. Forefeet 7. Croup (rump) 8. Leg (thigh and hip) 9. Hock 10. Hind feet 11. Withers 12. Stifle 13. Paws 14. Tail (from Dog anatomy)
Image 56The difference in body size between a Cane Corso (Italian mastiff) and a Yorkshire Terrier is over 30-fold; both are members of the same species. (from Dog anatomy)
Image 57West Highland White Terrier puppies (from Puppy)
Image 58Newborn Welsh Springer Spaniels (from Puppy)
Image 59Bloodhound puppy (from Puppy)

Did you know (auto-generated) - show different entries

... that either dog feces, or hen and pigeon manure, were used by tanners to produce a soft leather?
... that Snoop Dogg's original lyrics about cannabis for the song "Sunday" were sung over by Ben Rector to keep the song clean?
... that a Hot Dog Bean screenprint from Andy Warhol's Campbell's Soup Cans II sold for $258,046 in 2013?
... that Karen B. Westerfield Tucker, who both edited and contributed to The Oxford History of Christian Worship, also served as a dog show judge?
... that eccentric Yorkshirewoman Camberley Kate is estimated to have cared for more than 600 dogs in her lifetime?
... that the Church of the Immaculate Conception was rededicated as a shrine in 1954, 100 years after the dogma of the Immaculate Conception was defined?

More did you know... - show different entries

...that Tillamook Cheddar (pictured), a Jack Russell Terrier from Brooklyn, New York, is the world's most successful and widely shown animal artist?
...that grape and raisin toxicity is a potential cause of acute renal failure in dogs?
...that Able Seaman Just Nuisance is the only dog to have been officially enlisted in the Royal Navy?
...that the Moscow Water Dog, developed as a water rescue dog, preferred to bite drowning people instead of saving them?

...that Ramy Brooks, a competitor in the 1,049 mi 2006 Iditarod dog sled race across Alaska, is one of the few Native Alaskans competing in the event?
...that the Caucasian Shepherd Dog is generally a low activity dog, seemingly lethargic when not working, but extremely agile and convincing when it feels that its family is threatened?
...that the Battle of Garibpur fought between India and Pakistan preceded the official start of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, and was the first battle where dog fighting occurred over East Pakistan?
...that George E. Studdy was a British artist best remembered for his creation of Bonzo the dog, a fictional character, in the early 1920s?

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Stubs : Aksaray Malaklisi, Alopekis, Argentine pila dog, Armant (dog), Banjara Hound, Barbado da Terceira, Braque Dupuy, Bruno Jura Hound, Bulgarian Scenthound, Cane Lupino del Gigante, Cane Paratore, Cantabrian Water Dog, Český fousek, Faroese Sheepdog, Georgian Shepherd, German Spitz Mittel, Gończy Polski, Grand Griffon Vendéen, Himalayan Sheepdog, Hygen Hound, Indian Spitz, Japanese Terrier, Kaikadi (dog), Koyun dog, Kumaon Mastiff, Levriero Italiano, Mahratta Hound, Majorca Ratter, Montenegrin Mountain Hound, Northern Inuit Dog, Phu Quoc Ridgeback, Plummer Terrier, Porcelaine, Pyrenean Mastiff, Rampur Greyhound, Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog, Romanian Raven Shepherd Dog, Sapsali, Sarabi dog, Sardinian Shepherd Dog, Schweizer Laufhund, Segugio Italiano, Segugio Maremmano, Segugio dell'Appennino, Sinhala Hound, Slovak Cuvac, South Russian Ovcharka, St. Hubert Jura Hound, Stichelhaar, Taigan, Tazy, Telomian, Treeing Cur, Vikhan Sheepdog, Villano de las Encartaciones, Villanuco de Las Encartaciones, White Shepherd, White Swiss Shepherd Dog, Xiasi Dog More stubs...
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